[vc_row][vc_column][vc_column_text]<\/p>\n
\u0395\u03ba\u03c4\u03cd\u03c0\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n [\/vc_column_text][vc_tta_accordion color=”sky” c_icon=”chevron” active_section=”1″ no_fill=”true” collapsible_all=”true”][vc_tta_section title=”What Is Hyperthyroidism” tab_id=”1615975356574-814f1578-a50b”][vc_column_text]Hyperthyroidism<\/b> is a disorder in which the thyroid gland becomes <\/span>overactive <\/b>in an uncontrolled manner, disregarding the actual needs of the body. As a result, excessive amounts of thyroid hormones (T3 and T4) are produced, which, through the bloodstream, adversely affect multiple organs and systems of the body.<\/span> [\/vc_column_text][\/vc_tta_section][vc_tta_section title=”Which are the symptoms of Hyperthyroidism” tab_id=”1769692920061-32d96726-7e30″][vc_column_text]The<\/span> symptoms <\/b>of hyperthyroidism vary, involve nearly all body systems, and may appear suddenly or gradually. Some of the most common include:<\/span><\/p>\n Mild subclinical hyperthyroidism <\/b>is characterized by low TSH levels, while thyroid hormones FT4 and FT3 remain within normal limits, and it usually <\/span>does not<\/b> present with obvious symptoms.<\/span>[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_tta_section][vc_tta_section title=”How Is Hyperthyroidism Diagnosed” tab_id=”1615975445991-abbe6e0b-76e0″][vc_column_text]Suspicion for hyperthyroidism arises when some of the above symptoms are present. However, in some cases there are no symptoms, leading to what is known as <\/span>latent or subclinical hyperthyroidism.<\/b><\/p>\n <\/b>Diagnosis is confirmed through blood tests measuring thyroid hormone levels. <\/span>A hallmark finding is suppressed thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) accompanied by elevated T3 and T4 levels (and their free fractions FT3 and FT4). <\/b>Thyroid autoantibodies are also measured.<\/span>[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_tta_section][vc_tta_section title=”Hyperthyroidism and TSH Levels” tab_id=”1615975481588-25200828-4edd”][vc_column_text]Thyroid-stimulating hormone (<\/span>TSH<\/b>) is produced and secreted by the pituitary gland and stimulates the thyroid gland to produce thyroxine (<\/span>T4<\/b>) and subsequently triiodothyronine (T3), which affects the metabolism of nearly all body tissues.<\/span><\/p>\n Low TSH indicates HYPERTHYROIDISM, while high TSH indicates HYPOTHYROIDISM.<\/b><\/p>\n Normal TSH levels generally range from 0.40 to 4.00 mIU\/L and depend on age, sex, pregnancy, and other factors.<\/span><\/p>\n TSH plays a<\/span> critical role <\/b>through the negative feedback mechanism, <\/span>regulating metabolism, growth, and energy expenditure. It influences metabolic rate, cardiac function, digestion, muscle control, and brain development.<\/b>[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_tta_section][vc_tta_section title=”Hyperthyroidism and Body Weight” tab_id=”1762173024473-a272b0a5-b2ac”][vc_column_text]Hyperthyroidism <\/span>accelerates metabolism<\/b>, leading to increased energy consumption and <\/span>unintentional weight loss<\/b>, despite increased appetite.<\/span><\/p>\n Because<\/span> appetite is also increased<\/b>, some patients may not lose weight or may even gain weight, depending on caloric intake.<\/span>[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_tta_section][vc_tta_section title=”Hyperthyroidism, Diet, and Aggravating Factors” tab_id=”1762173135402-a9a03df8-2900″][vc_column_text]Dietary and other factors that should be avoided in hyperthyroidism include:<\/span><\/p>\n [\/vc_column_text][\/vc_tta_section][vc_tta_section title=”Hyperthyroidism and Patient Psychology” tab_id=”1615975590436-b57265fb-fab9″][vc_column_text]Hyperthyroidism is closely linked to a patient\u2019s <\/span>psychological state<\/b>, as it often causes intense symptoms that <\/span>significantly affect daily life.<\/b> These include <\/span>anxiety, irritability, nervousness, emotional instability, and persistent unexplained stress.<\/b><\/p>\n <\/b>Historically, <\/span>individuals with Graves\u2019 disease were sometimes mistakenly confined to psychiatric institutions, <\/b>as medical science at the time was unaware of this thyroid disorder and its now readily available treatment.<\/span>[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_tta_section][vc_tta_section title=”Hyperthyroidism and Pregnancy” tab_id=”1615975556038-9e4b248f-329d”][vc_column_text]The autoimmune nature of hyperthyroidism, through hormonal dysfunction, can impair conception and the successful completion of pregnancy. <\/span>Surgical treatment often provides a definitive solution for couples wishing to conceive, <\/b>with many achieving pregnancy postoperatively.<\/span><\/p>\n Uncontrolled hyperthyroidism during pregnancy<\/b> carries serious risks, including <\/span>miscarriage, preterm delivery, preeclampsia, low birth weight, and cardiac complications <\/b>for both mother and fetus. Additionally, <\/span>antithyroid drugs cross the placenta<\/b> and may cause fetal goiter, hypothyroidism, or neurological complications in the newborn.<\/span>[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_tta_section][vc_tta_section title=”Risks of Hyperthyroidism” tab_id=”1615976016751-0a946bcb-71fc”][vc_column_text]Untreated or poorly controlled <\/b>hyperthyroidism may lead to:<\/span><\/p>\n [\/vc_column_text][\/vc_tta_section][vc_tta_section title=”What is the conservative Treatment of Hyperthyroidism” tab_id=”1615976104393-438a3c43-b7c5″][vc_column_text]Temporary disease remission may be achieved with <\/span>antithyroid medications.\u00a0<\/b><\/p>\n These potent drugs (methimazole, carbimazole, propylthiouracil) reduce thyroid hormone production and are typically <\/span>administered for 6 to 18 months.<\/b> Long-term use is discouraged due to risks such as<\/span> hepatotoxicity (liver damage)<\/b> and hematological side effects (<\/span>leukopenia<\/b>). Adverse effects may include <\/span>rash, hair loss, dizziness, aplastic anemia, lupus-like syndrome, and hepatitis<\/b>.<\/span><\/p>\n Frequent blood tests are required for dose adjustments. <\/span>They achieve a temporary remission of the disease, however, as an autoimmune disorder, it may relapse at any time.<\/b><\/p>\n Beta-blockers<\/b> are often prescribed to alleviate symptoms such as arrhythmias, anxiety, muscle weakness, and nervousness. They provide purely <\/span>symptomatic relief <\/b>while it is being administered, without curing the underlying disease.<\/span><\/p>\n Radioactive iodine<\/b> is another conservative treatment approach. It involves the administration of radioactivity to the patient with the aim of gradually destroying the hyperfunctioning thyroid cells. This often results in hypothyroidism and the need for lifelong thyroxine replacement therapy. The radioactive energy \u201cablates\u201d the thyroid tissue, however, because the thyroid gland remains in the body, compressive symptoms may still occur, and the risk of malignant transformation, although low, remains present. Radioactive iodine therapy is also frequently associated with worsening of thyroid eye disease. Finally, <\/span>the use of radioactive iodine imposes restrictions <\/b>in cases where pregnancy is desired.<\/span><\/p>\n In Europe, radioactive iodine therapy is not widely practiced.<\/span>[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_tta_section][vc_tta_section title=”Is there a definitive Treatment of Graves\u2019 Disease\u2013Related Hyperthyroidism” tab_id=”1763109792028-8d3d20a2-4775″][vc_column_text]Today, hyperthyroidism due to Graves\u2019 disease can be treated <\/span>safely, definitively, and effectively <\/b>with thyroidectomy.<\/span><\/p>\n It is noteworthy that<\/span> the hyperthyroid state, through the psychological disturbances it induces, often prevents the individual from making the decision to pursue a definitive solution to the problem. Unfortunately, the patient may enter a vicious cycle that makes it difficult to reach a rational decision regarding definitive treatment.<\/b><\/p>\n Surgical removal of the thyroid gland <\/span>(thyroidectomy<\/a><\/b>) offers significant advantages over other treatments, including:<\/span><\/p>\n [\/vc_column_text][\/vc_tta_section][vc_tta_section title=”What can the patient expect after thyroidectomy for hyperthyroidism” tab_id=”1763109834981-6c35c2bb-948e”][vc_column_text]Graves\u2019 disease is a treatable condition that can be fully controlled surgically.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n In most cases, the <\/span>improvement in quality of life is dramatic.<\/b><\/p>\n Postoperatively, patients experience relief from constant tension and anxiety and <\/span>regain stable physical and psychological well-being.<\/b><\/p>\n Dr. Evangelos Karvounis MD, PhD, FACS<\/b> is <\/span>an award-winning <\/b>endocrine surgeon<\/b><\/a>, PhD graduate of the Medical School of Athens, Fellow of the American College of Surgeons, and Director of Endocrine Surgery at Euroclinic of Athens. <\/b>He is available to answer all questions regarding hyperthyroidism and to recommend individualized treatment. <\/span>Contact <\/span><\/a>the doctor today by phone or through the contact form to <\/span>schedule your appointment for accurate diagnosis and personalized care.<\/b>[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_tta_section][\/vc_tta_accordion][\/vc_column][\/vc_row]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" [vc_row][vc_column][vc_column_text] \u0395\u03ba\u03c4\u03cd\u03c0\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 [\/vc_column_text][vc_tta_accordion color=”sky” c_icon=”chevron” active_section=”1″ no_fill=”true” collapsible_all=”true”][vc_tta_section title=”What Is Hyperthyroidism” tab_id=”1615975356574-814f1578-a50b”][vc_column_text]Hyperthyroidism is a disorder in which the thyroid gland becomes overactive in an uncontrolled manner, disregarding the actual needs of the body. As a result, excessive amounts of thyroid hormones (T3 and T4) are produced, which, through the bloodstream, adversely affect multiple organs and…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-16029","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"\n
\n<\/span>This hypermetabolic state disrupts the normal function of the entire human organism.<\/span>[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_tta_section][vc_tta_section title=”Which are the causes of Hyperthyroidism” tab_id=”1615975356596-08586a48-adda”][vc_column_text]Based on the underlying cause, the main <\/span>types of hyperthyroidism <\/b>are the following:<\/span><\/p>\n\n
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